A complete summary of your entire book, including the ending, written for agents and editors during the submission process.
A synopsis is a concise narrative summary of your entire book, typically 1-3 pages, that covers the major plot points from beginning to end. Unlike a query letter or back-cover blurb, a synopsis reveals everything, including the ending. Agents and editors use it to evaluate whether your story structure holds together and whether the resolution satisfies. It's written in third person, present tense, and focuses on the main plot and character arc rather than subplots or secondary characters.
Most agents require a synopsis alongside your query letter, and writing one is notoriously painful. But here's the hidden benefit: if you can't summarize your book's plot clearly in a few pages, that often signals structural problems in the manuscript itself. Writing a synopsis is one of the fastest ways to spot saggy middles, missing motivations, or endings that don't pay off what the beginning promised.
A synopsis is not a back-cover blurb. You must reveal the ending. Agents need to see that your story resolves in a satisfying way. Holding back makes you look like you don't understand the format.
Stick to the main plot and one or two essential subplots. Mention only characters who drive the central conflict. A synopsis crammed with names and tangents is exhausting to read.
Your synopsis should convey narrative momentum. Use active verbs, show cause and effect between plot points, and let your protagonist's emotions come through. It should read like a story told quickly, not a dry summary.
Unless submission guidelines specify otherwise, aim for 1-2 single-spaced pages. Some agents want 1 page, some allow up to 5. Always check the specific agent's requirements before submitting.
Write a one-page synopsis of your book (or a favorite novel) in present tense, third person. Hit these beats: the protagonist's starting situation, the inciting incident, three major turning points, and the resolution. Read it to someone who hasn't read the book. Can they follow the story? Do they understand why the ending matters?