Structure

Parallel Narrative

/ˈpær.ə.lɛl ˈnær.ə.tɪv/ noun
IN ONE SENTENCE

Two or more storylines that run alongside each other, connected by theme, character, or eventual convergence.

Definition

A parallel narrative tells two or more distinct storylines that unfold simultaneously, often alternating between them chapter by chapter or section by section. The storylines may share characters, themes, or a time period, and they typically illuminate each other through contrast or comparison. The real power of parallel narrative is the meaning that emerges in the space between the stories, the connections readers draw that neither storyline could create alone.

Why It Matters

Parallel narratives let you explore a theme from multiple angles without being heavy-handed about it. Instead of telling the reader 'grief looks different for everyone,' you can show three characters processing the same loss in three different ways. This structure also naturally creates suspense, because readers are always eager to return to the storyline you just left.

Types of Parallel Narrative

Converging Parallels +
Thematic Parallels +
Temporal Parallels +

Famous Examples

The Hours — Michael Cunningham

Three parallel storylines across three decades, each following a woman whose life intersects with 'Mrs Dalloway,' building a meditation on art, depression, and the choices women make.

Station Eleven — Emily St. John Mandel

Pre- and post-pandemic storylines weave through multiple characters, gradually revealing how they're all connected to a single performance of King Lear.

A Tale of Two Cities — Charles Dickens

The parallel worlds of London and Paris during the French Revolution, with characters moving between them and mirroring each other's arcs.

Common Mistakes

Uneven investment across storylines

If readers only care about one of your parallel plots and skim the other, something's off. Each storyline needs its own stakes, its own tension, and its own reason to exist.

Parallel lines that never connect

Even thematic parallels need some payoff that justifies the structure. The reader should feel that these stories needed to be told together.

Too many storylines at once

Two or three parallel threads are manageable. More than that risks fragmenting reader attention. If you need more, consider a braided structure with clearer connections.

Try It Yourself

Quick Exercise

Write two very short scenes (200 words each) about two strangers experiencing the same rainstorm in different parts of the same city. Give one character a reason to celebrate the rain and the other a reason to dread it. Now alternate the scenes paragraph by paragraph. Notice how the juxtaposition creates meaning that neither scene had on its own.

CONTINUE LEARNING
Planning & Structure
Where you map out how multiple storylines will relate and potentially converge